Ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, abantu abaninzi bebengayi kucinga ukuba ukukhanya kunye nempilo kuya kunxulumana. Emva kweminyaka engaphezu kweshumi yophuhliso, iUkukhanya kwe-LEDishishini linyukile ukusukela ekusukeleni ukukhanya, ukonga amandla kunye neendleko ukuya kwimfuno yomgangatho wokukhanya, impilo ekhanyayo, ukukhanya kwe-biosafety kunye nokusingqongileyo okukhanyayo. Ngokukodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iingxaki zokulimala kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi somntu kunye nomonakalo we-retinal yabantu obangelwa yi-LED iya icaca ngakumbi, eyenza imboni iqonde ukuba ukuthandwa kokukhanya okunempilo kuphuthumayo.

Isiseko sebhayoloji sokukhanyisa impilo

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukukhanya kwezempilo kukuphucula nokuphucula ukusebenza kwabantu, ukufunda kunye neemeko zokuphila kunye nomgangatho ngokukhanyisa kwe-LED, ukwenzela ukukhuthaza impilo yengqondo kunye nomzimba.

Iziphumo zebhayoloji zokukhanya ebantwini zinokwahlulwa zibe yimbonakalo kunye neziphumo ezingabonakaliyo.

(1) Iziphumo ezibonwayo zokukhanya:

Ukukhanya okubonakalayo kudlula kwi-cornea yeliso kwaye kuboniswe kwi-retina nge-lens. Iguqulwa ibe yimiqondiso yomzimba ngeeseli ze-photoreceptor. Emva kokuyifumana, i-optic nerve yenza umbono, ukuze ugwebe umbala, imilo kunye nomgama wezinto ezisesithubeni. Umbono unokubangela indlela abantu abasabela ngayo ngokwasengqondweni, eyimpembelelo yengqondo yombono.

Zimbini iindidi zeeseli ezibonakalayo: enye yi-cone cells, ekwaziyo ukukhanya nombala; Uhlobo lwesibini ziiseli ezimile okwentonga, ezinokuva ukukhanya kuphela, kodwa uvakalelo luphindwe kayi-10000 kunolo lwangaphambili.

Uninzi lweziganeko kubomi bemihla ngemihla zezombono wokukhanya:

Igumbi lokulala, igumbi lokutyela, ivenkile yekofu, ukukhanya kombala ofudumeleyo (okufana nepinki kunye nokukhanya okumfusa) kwenza indawo yonke ibe nomoya ofudumeleyo nokhululekileyo, kwaye yenza ulusu lwabantu kunye nobuso bubonakale busempilweni ngaxeshanye.

Ehlotyeni, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuluhlaza kuya kwenza abantu bazive bepholile; Ebusika, ubomvu benza abantu bazive befudumele.

Ukukhanya okumibalabala okunamandla kunokwenza i-atmosphere isebenze kwaye icace, kwaye yandise umoya we-festries ophithizelayo.

Amagumbi osapho anamhlanje ahlala esebenzisa izibane zokuhombisa ezibomvu neziluhlaza ukuhombisa igumbi lokuhlala kunye nevenkile yokutyela ukunyusa umoya owonwabileyo.

Ezinye iindawo zokutyela azinakukhanya konke okanye iikhanyile etafileni. Basebenzisa kuphela ukukhanya kwekhandlela okubuthathaka ukumisa umoya.

(2) Iziphumo ezingabonakaliyo zokukhanya, ukufunyanwa kwe-iprgc:

Kukho uhlobo lwesithathu lweeseli ze-photoreceptor kwi-retina yomntu - iiseli ze-intrinsic photosensitive retinal ganglion, ezinoxanduva lokulawula iziphumo ezingabonakaliyo ngaphandle kombono womzimba, njengomsebenzi wokulawula ixesha, ukulungelelanisa kunye nokulawula isingqisho somsebenzi wabantu kunye ne-amplitude ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. amaxesha exesha.

Le mpembelelo ingabonakaliyo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-sichen visual effect, eyafunyanwa nguBerson, uDunn kunye noTakao weYunivesithi yaseBrown kwizilwanyana ezanyisayo ngo-2002. Yenye yezinto ezilishumi eziphezulu ezifunyenweyo kwihlabathi ngo-2002.

Uphononongo lubonise ukuba isiphumo esingabonakaliyo seempuku zendlu yi-465nm, kodwa kubantu, izifundo zofuzo zibonisa ukuba kufuneka zibe yi-480 ~ 485nm (iincopho zeeseli ze-cone kunye neeseli zentonga ziyi-555nm kunye ne-507nm, ngokulandelanayo).

(3) Umgaqo we-iprgc olawula iwotshi yebhayoloji:

I-Iprgc inothungelwano lwe-neural transmission kwingqondo yomntu, eyahluke kakhulu kuthungelwano lwe-neural transmission network. Emva kokufumana ukukhanya, i-iprgc ivelisa izibonakaliso ze-bioelectric, ezithunyelwa kwi-hypothalamus (RHT), kwaye emva koko zingene kwi-nucleus ye-suprachiasmatic (SCN) kunye ne-extracerebral nerve nucleus (PVN) ukufikelela kwi-pineal gland.

Idlala lepineal ngumbindi wewotshi yebhayoloji yengqondo. Ikhupha i-melatonin. I-Melatonin iyadityaniswa kwaye igcinwe kwi-pineal gland. Imincili yovelwano yenza ukuba iiseli zepineal zikhuphe imelatonin egazini elimpompozayo kwaye zibangele ubuthongo bendalo. Ngoko ke, i-hormone ebalulekileyo yokulawula isigqi somzimba.

Imfihlo ye-melatonin inesigqi esicacileyo se-circadian, esithintelwa emini kwaye sisebenze ebusuku. Nangona kunjalo, i-excitability ye-nerve yemfesane ihambelana ngokusondeleyo namandla kunye nombala wokukhanya ofikelela kwi-pineal gland. Umbala okhanyayo kunye nokukhanya okukhanyayo kuya kuchaphazela ukukhuselwa kunye nokukhululwa kwe-melatonin.

Ukongeza ekulawuleni iwotshi yebhayoloji, i-iprgc inefuthe kwisantya sentliziyo yomntu, uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukuphaphama kunye namandla, zonke ezo ziyinxalenye yesiphumo esingabonakaliyo sokukhanya. Ukongeza, umonakalo owenziwe kukukhanya kufuneka ubalulwe kwisiphumo esingabonakaliyo sokukhanya.