I-LEDwaziwa njengomthombo wokukhanyisa wesizukulwana sesine okanye umthombo wokukhanya oluhlaza. Ineempawu zokonga amandla, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, ubomi benkonzo ende kunye nomthamo omncinci. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nesalathiso, umboniso, umhombiso, ukukhanya kwangasemva, ukukhanya okuqhelekileyo kunye nomboniso wobusuku basezidolophini. Ngokwemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amahlanu: ukubonisa ulwazi, isibane somqondiso, izibane zemoto, ukukhanya kwe-LCD kunye nokukhanyisa ngokubanzi.

NgokwesiqheloIzibane ze-LEDzineziphene ezifana nokungaqaqambi ngokwaneleyo, okukhokelela ekungeneni okunganelanga. Isibane se-LED samandla sineenzuzo zokuqaqamba okwaneleyo kunye nobomi benkonzo ende, kodwa amandla e-LED anobunzima bobugcisa obufana nokupakishwa. Nalu uhlalutyo olufutshane lwezinto ezichaphazela ukukhanya kokukhutshwa kokukhanya kwamandla okupakishwa kwe-LED.

Izinto zokupakisha ezichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kokutsalwa kokukhanya

1. Iteknoloji yokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu

Kwi-diode ekhupha ukukhanya eyenziwe yi-PN junction, xa i-front current iphuma kwi-PN junction, i-PN junction inokulahlekelwa kobushushu. Olu bushushu lusasazwa emoyeni ngokusebenzisa i-adhesive, potting material, i-heat sink, njl. kule nkqubo, inxalenye nganye yezinto eziphathekayo ine-impedance ye-thermal yokukhusela ukuhamba kobushushu, oko kukuthi, ukuxhathisa ukushisa. Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-thermal yixabiso elisisigxina elinqunywe ngubukhulu, isakhiwo kunye nezinto eziphathekayo zesixhobo.

Vumela ukuxhathisa kwe-thermal ye-LED ibe yi-rth (℃ / W) kwaye amandla okutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal abe yi-PD (W). Ngeli xesha, iqondo lokushisa le-PN le-junction elibangelwa yilahleko ye-thermal yangoku inyuka ukuya:

T(℃)=Rth&TIMEs; PD

Ubushushu besiphambuka se-PN:

TJ=TA+Rth&TImes; PD

Apho i-TA bubushushu be-ambient. Ukunyuka kobushushu be-junction kuya kunciphisa amathuba okuba ne-PN junction light-emitting recombination, kunye nokukhanya kwe-LED kuya kuncipha. Ngelo xesha, ngenxa yokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa okubangelwa ukulahleka kobushushu, ukukhanya kwe-LED akusayi kuphinda kunyuke ngokulingana nangoku, oko kukuthi, kubonisa ukugcwala kwe-thermal. Ukongeza, ngokunyuka kobushushu besiphambuka, i-wavelength encopho ye-luminescence nayo iya kukhukuliseka iye kwicala elide lamaza, malunga ne-0.2-0.3nm / ℃. Kwi-LED emhlophe efunyenwe ngokuxuba i-YAG phosphor eqatywe yi-chip eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukuqhutywa kwe-wavelength eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya kubangela ukungalingani kunye nokuphakama kwamaza e-phosphor, ukuze kuncitshiswe ukusebenza kakuhle okukhanyayo kwe-LED emhlophe kunye nokutshintsha ubushushu bombala wokukhanya okumhlophe.

Ngamandla e-LED, umqhubi wangoku ungaphezulu kwamakhulu e-Ma, kwaye ubuninzi bangoku be-PN junction bukhulu kakhulu, ngoko ukunyuka kobushushu be-PN junction kubonakala kakhulu. Ukupakishwa kunye nesicelo, indlela yokunciphisa ukuxhathisa kwe-thermal yemveliso kunye nokwenza ubushushu obuveliswa yi-PN junction buchithe ngokukhawuleza ayinakuphucula kuphela ukugcwala kwangoku kwemveliso kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kodwa nokuphucula ukuthembeka kunye nobomi benkonzo yemveliso. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuxhathisa thermal iimveliso, okokuqala, ukukhethwa izinto ukupakisha kubaluleke ngokukodwa, kubandakanywa ubushushu isinki, incamathelisa, etc. ukuxhathisa thermal impahla nganye kufuneka ibe phantsi, oko kukuthi, kufuneka ibe conductivity elungileyo thermal. . Okwesibini, uyilo lwesakhiwo kufuneka lube nengqiqo, ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal phakathi kwezixhobo kufuneka kuhambelane ngokuqhubekayo, kunye ne-thermal conductivity phakathi kwezixhobo kufuneka idityaniswe kakuhle, ukwenzela ukuba kuthintelwe ibhotile yokukhupha ubushushu kumjelo wokuqhuba ubushushu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuchithwa kobushushu ukusuka ngaphakathi ukuya kumaleko angaphandle. Ngexesha elifanayo, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubushushu buyachithwa ngexesha ngokuhambelana nomjelo owenziwe ngaphambili.

2. Ukukhethwa kwesigcwalisi

Ngokomthetho we-refraction, xa ukukhanya kusenzeka ukusuka kukukhanya okuxineneyo ukuya kwi-medium sparse medium, xa i-angle yesiganeko ifikelela kwixabiso elithile, oko kukuthi, inkulu okanye ilingana ne-angle ebalulekileyo, ukukhutshwa okupheleleyo kuya kwenzeka. Kwi-chip ye-GaN eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-index refractive ye-GaN material yi-2.3. Xa ukukhanya kukhutshwa ngaphakathi kwekristale ukuya emoyeni, ngokomthetho we-refraction, i-angle ebalulekileyo θ 0=sin-1(n2/n1).

Apho i-N2 ilingana no-1, oko kukuthi, i-index refractive yomoya, kunye ne-N1 yi-index refractive ye-Gan, apho i-angle ebalulekileyo ibalwa θ 0 malunga ne-25.8 degrees. Kule meko, ukukhanya kuphela okunokukhutshwa kukukhanya ngaphakathi kwendawo eqinile ye-angle kunye ne-angle yesiganeko ≤ 25.8 degrees. Kuxelwa ukuba ukusebenza kwe-quantum yangaphandle ye-Gan chip malunga ne-30% - 40%. Ngoko ke, ngenxa yokufakwa kwangaphakathi kwekristale ye-chip, umlinganiselo wokukhanya onokuthi ukhutshwe ngaphandle kwekristale uncinci kakhulu. Kuxelwa ukuba ukusebenza kwe-quantum yangaphandle ye-Gan chip malunga ne-30% - 40%. Ngokufanayo, ukukhanya okukhutshwe yi-chip kufuneka kudluliselwe kwisithuba ngokusebenzisa izinto zokupakisha, kunye nefuthe lezinto eziphathekayo ekusebenzeni kokukhanya kokukhanya kufuneka kuqwalaselwe.

Ke ngoko, ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhutshwa kokukhanya kokupakishwa kwemveliso ye-LED, ixabiso le-N2 kufuneka linyuswe, oko kukuthi, isalathiso se-refractive sezinto zokupakisha kufuneka sandiswe ukuphucula i-angle ebalulekileyo yemveliso, ukuze kuphuculwe ukupakishwa. ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukuxutywa kokukhanya kwezinto zokupakisha kufuneka kube kuncinci. Ukuze kuphuculwe umlinganiselo wokukhanya okuphumayo, imilo yephakheji ikhethwa ukuba ibe yi-arched okanye i-hemispherical, ukwenzela ukuba xa ukukhanya kukhishwa kwizinto zokupakisha emoyeni, kuphantse kube yi-perpendicular kwi-interface, ngoko akukho mboniso opheleleyo.

3. Ukulungiswa komfanekiso

Kukho imiba emibini ephambili yokucubungula ukubonakaliswa: enye yinkqubo yokubonakalisa ngaphakathi kwe-chip, kwaye enye ibonakaliso yokukhanya ngokupakisha izinto. Ngokusebenzisa ukubonakaliswa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle, umlinganiselo wokukhanya wokukhanya okhutshwe kwi-chip unokuphuculwa, ukufunxa kwangaphakathi kwe-chip kungancitshiswa, kunye nokusebenza okukhanyayo kwamandla emveliso ye-LED kunokuphuculwa. Ngokuphathelele ukupakishwa, i-LED yamandla ihlala ihlanganisa i-chip yamandla kwinkxaso yesinyithi okanye i-substrate ene-cavity ebonisa. Uhlobo lwenkxaso ye-cavity ebonisa i-cavity ngokubanzi ithatha i-electroplating ukuphucula i-reflection effect, ngelixa i-base plate reflection cavity ithatha ngokubanzi ukupolishwa. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, unyango lwe-electroplating luya kwenziwa, kodwa iindlela ezimbini zonyango ezingentla zichaphazelekayo ngokuchaneka kwesikhunta kunye nenkqubo, I-cavity yokucubungula ebonakalisiweyo inomphumo othile wokubonakalisa, kodwa ayifanelekanga. Okwangoku, ngenxa yokungonelanga kokuchaneka kokupholisha okanye i-oxidation ye-coating yesinyithi, isiphumo sokubonakaliswa kwe-substrate uhlobo lombhobho obonisa umgodi owenziwe e-China uhlwempuzekile, nto leyo ekhokelela ekukhanyeni okuninzi emva kokudutyulwa kwindawo yokubonakalisa kwaye ayikwazi ukubonakaliswa umphezulu okhupha ukukhanya ngokwenjongo elindelekileyo, okukhokelela ekutsalweni kokukhanya okuphantsi emva kokupakishwa kokugqibela.

4. Ukukhetha i-Phosphor kunye nokugqoka

Kumandla amhlophe e-LED, ukuphuculwa kokusebenza okukhanyayo kuhambelana nokukhethwa kwe-phosphor kunye nenkqubo yonyango. Ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-phosphor excitation ye-blue chip, okokuqala, ukukhethwa kwe-phosphor kufuneka kube yinto efanelekileyo, kubandakanywa ubude be-excitation wavelength, ubungakanani be-particle, i-excitation performance, njl., ekufuneka ihlolwe ngokubanzi kwaye ithathele ingqalelo yonke imisebenzi. Okwesibini, ukugquma kwe-phosphor kufuneka kube yinto efanayo, ngokukodwa ubukhulu bomgangatho wokuncamathelisa kwindawo nganye ekhupha ukukhanya kwe-chip ekhupha ukukhanya kufuneka ifane, ukuze kungathinteli ukukhanya kwendawo ekukhutshweni ngenxa yobukhulu obungalinganiyo, kodwa. kwakhona ukuphucula umgangatho wendawo yokukhanya.

Isishwankathelo:

Uyilo olulungileyo lokuphelisa ubushushu ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle okukhanyayo kwamandla emveliso ye-LED, kwaye ikwayindawo yokuqinisekisa ubomi benkonzo kunye nokuthembeka kweemveliso. Umjelo wokukhanya owenziwe kakuhle apha ugxininise kuyilo lwesakhiwo, ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokunyangwa kwenkqubo yokubonakalisa i-cavity kunye nokuzalisa i-glue, enokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukukhutshwa kokukhanya kokukhanya kwamandla e-LED. Ngamandlai-LED emhlophe, Ukukhethwa kwephosphor kunye noyilo lwenkqubo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni indawo kunye nokusebenza okukhanyayo.